Backyard-Poultry-Initiative-AJK-(Register-&-Apply-Online)

Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK (Register & Apply Online)

The Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK is a government-supported program designed to promote small-scale poultry farming in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, offering subsidies, training, and resources to enhance household income and food security. This initiative focuses on backyard setups, making it accessible for rural families to start egg and meat production with minimal investment. By integrating sustainable practices, it aims to uplift local economies while addressing nutritional needs.

✔️ Learn how to register and apply online for the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK subsidies and support.
✔️ Understand eligibility criteria, including minimum land requirements for poultry farming in AJK.
✔️ Explore profitability aspects, such as which poultry farming type is most profitable in AJK regions.
✔️ Discover feed management, breed selection, and loan options best suited for backyard poultry setups.
✔️ Gain insights into challenges, success stories, and future prospects of the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK.

Read More:

Free-Backyard-Poultry-Initiative-AJK-(Register-&-Apply-Online)

Overview of Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What is Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

The Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK represents a strategic effort by the Agriculture Department AJK and Livestock AJK to empower rural households through small-scale poultry rearing. This program provides essential resources like subsidized chicks, feed, and training to foster self-sufficiency in egg and meat production. Semantic terms such as Azad Jammu Kashmir poultry schemes, rural backyard chicken farming, and government subsidies for poultry in AJK highlight its focus on sustainable agriculture.

Backyard poultry farming in AJK involves raising chickens, ducks, or other birds in household spaces, promoting organic methods and local breed integration. It aligns with national livestock policies to reduce import dependency and boost rural economies.

  • ✔️ Defines backyard poultry as small-scale, home-based operations for family consumption and income.
  • ✔️ Emphasizes subsidies covering up to 30% on high-producing birds under national initiatives extended to AJK.
  • ✔️ Integrates with broader goals like malnutrition reduction and women’s empowerment in poultry sectors.
  • ✔️ Includes training on biosecurity, vaccination, and marketing for long-term success.
  • ✔️ Supports eco-friendly practices, such as free-range systems adapted to AJK’s terrain.

Recent developments show the initiative evolving with digital registration portals, making applications easier for remote areas. Participants benefit from veterinary support and market linkages, ensuring viability.

Historical Background of Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What led to the launch of the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? This program emerged from national efforts to strengthen rural livestock sectors, adapted specifically for AJK’s mountainous regions and climatic conditions. It draws from similar schemes in other provinces, focusing on backyard models to suit small landholdings.

The initiative addresses gaps in poultry production, where AJK relies heavily on imports. By promoting local rearing, it reduces transportation costs and enhances fresh produce availability.

  • ✔️ Originated as part of broader livestock enhancement projects sponsored by the Ministry of National Food Security & Research.
  • ✔️ Evolved to include subsidies on birds and equipment, targeting low-income families.
  • ✔️ Incorporates lessons from national programs like the Prime Minister’s Initiative for Backyard Poultry.
  • ✔️ Adapts to AJK’s unique ecology, emphasizing resilient breeds.
  • ✔️ Builds on historical rural practices of desi chicken farming in Azad Kashmir villages.

Objectives and Goals of Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What are the primary objectives of the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? The core aim is to increase household protein intake through affordable poultry production while generating supplementary income for participants. It seeks to create employment opportunities, particularly for women and youth in rural AJK.

Goals include scaling up egg and meat output, promoting sustainable farming, and integrating poultry with other agricultural activities like crop residue utilization for feed.

  • ✔️ Boost rural income through egg sales and broiler production.
  • ✔️ Enhance food security by encouraging home-based nutrient-rich food sources.
  • ✔️ Promote gender-inclusive participation in Azad Jammu Kashmir poultry farming.
  • ✔️ Reduce environmental impact via organic backyard methods.
  • ✔️ Achieve self-reliance in poultry products within AJK districts.

Role of Agriculture Department AJK in Backyard Poultry Initiative

How does the Agriculture Department AJK contribute to the Backyard Poultry Initiative? This department oversees program implementation, providing extension services, workshops, and monitoring to ensure compliance and success. It collaborates with local tehsils for outreach.

The department facilitates resource distribution, such as subsidized inputs, and conducts awareness campaigns on modern poultry techniques.

  • ✔️ Coordinates online registration and application processes.
  • ✔️ Offers technical guidance on shed construction and breed management.
  • ✔️ Monitors progress through field visits in AJK regions.
  • ✔️ Partners with NGOs for broader reach in remote areas.
  • ✔️ Updates policies based on farmer feedback for better outcomes.

Involvement of Livestock AJK in Supporting Poultry Farmers

What role does Livestock AJK play in the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? Livestock AJK handles veterinary aspects, including vaccination drives, disease control, and breed selection advice tailored to backyard setups. It ensures animal health standards are met.

This division provides on-ground support, like mobile clinics, and integrates the initiative with other livestock programs for holistic rural development.

  • ✔️ Delivers free or low-cost veterinary services to participants.
  • ✔️ Recommends high-yield breeds suitable for AJK climate.
  • ✔️ Organizes training on nutrition and biosecurity.
  • ✔️ Facilitates subsidy disbursement for feed and equipment.
  • ✔️ Tracks disease outbreaks to protect flock investments.

Eligibility and Requirements for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Who Can Apply for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Eligibility for the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK is open to AJK residents committed to small-scale farming, with priority for low-income households, women, and those in underserved areas. Semantic queries like poultry farming eligibility in Azad Kashmir and subsidies for rural chicken rearing guide applicants.

Applicants must demonstrate basic knowledge or willingness to learn poultry management, ensuring program sustainability.

  • ✔️ Targets AJK domiciles aged 18 and above.
  • ✔️ Prefers applicants with small land plots for backyard setups.
  • ✔️ Includes special provisions for marginalized groups.
  • ✔️ Requires no prior experience but commitment to guidelines.
  • ✔️ Excludes commercial-scale operators to focus on household levels.

Documents Needed to Register for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What documents are required for registering in the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? Essential paperwork includes a valid CNIC, domicile certificate, proof of residence, and a simple project outline. These ensure transparency and targeted aid.

Additional items like bank details for subsidy transfers and land ownership proof may be needed for verification.

  • ✔️ CNIC copy for identity verification.
  • ✔️ Domicile to confirm AJK residency.
  • ✔️ Residence proof, such as utility bills.
  • ✔️ Basic business plan describing intended setup.
  • ✔️ Bank account details for direct benefit transfers.

What is the Minimum Land Required for Poultry Farming Under Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

The minimum land for poultry farming under this initiative is flexible, often starting with 500 square feet for 50-100 birds. This accommodates urban backyards and rural homesteads in AJK.

It emphasizes efficient space use, like multi-tier coops, to maximize output without large plots.

  • ✔️ 500-1,000 sq ft ideal for beginners.
  • ✔️ Adaptable to sloped terrains common in AJK.
  • ✔️ Encourages integration with home gardens.
  • ✔️ No strict ownership requirement; leased space allowed.
  • ✔️ Focuses on biosecure enclosures to prevent disease.

How Many Chickens Are on 1 Acre in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK Setups?

In AJK backyard setups, 1 acre can support 500-1,000 chickens in free-range systems, balancing density with welfare. This optimizes land use while promoting natural foraging.

Density varies by breed and management, with guidelines from Livestock AJK to avoid overcrowding.

  • ✔️ 500 birds for intensive systems.
  • ✔️ Up to 1,000 in rotational grazing models.
  • ✔️ Ensures space for natural behavior.
  • ✔️ Adjusts for AJK’s variable weather.
  • ✔️ Includes buffer zones for biosecurity.

How to Register and Apply Online for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Step-by-Step Online Registration Process for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

How do you complete the online registration for the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? Start by visiting the official Agriculture Department AJK website, creating an account, and filling the form with personal and project details.

Submit scanned documents and await verification, typically via SMS or email confirmation.

  • ✔️ Access portal through agriculture.ajk.gov.pk or similar.
  • ✔️ Register with email and phone for OTP verification.
  • ✔️ Enter details like flock size and location.
  • ✔️ Upload required documents digitally.
  • ✔️ Track application status online.

Common Challenges in Applying Online for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What are typical hurdles in the online application for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? Internet connectivity issues in remote AJK areas pose challenges, alongside document upload errors or form navigation difficulties.

Alternatives include offline submissions at local offices to ensure inclusivity.

  • ✔️ Connectivity problems in mountainous regions.
  • ✔️ Technical glitches during peak application times.
  • ✔️ Document format mismatches.
  • ✔️ Language barriers for non-Urdu users.
  • ✔️ Delayed responses due to high volume.

Timeline for Approval After Applying to Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Approval timelines for the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK generally span 4-6 weeks, involving document review and site verification. Notifications are sent digitally for efficiency.

Factors like application volume can extend this, but expedited processes exist for priority groups.

  • ✔️ Initial screening within 2 weeks.
  • ✔️ Site visit in week 3-4.
  • ✔️ Final approval by week 6.
  • ✔️ Appeals process for rejections.
  • ✔️ Seasonal adjustments for weather impacts.

Tips for Successful Application to Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

To succeed in applying for the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK, ensure accurate information, clear document scans, and a realistic project plan. Follow up with local officers for guidance.

Engage in pre-application workshops offered by Agriculture Department AJK.

  • ✔️ Double-check form for errors.
  • ✔️ Prepare a concise business outline.
  • ✔️ Seek local extension officer advice.
  • ✔️ Join community groups for tips.
  • ✔️ Monitor email/SMS for updates.

Benefits and Subsidies in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What is the Maximum Subsidy for Poultry Farm Under Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

The maximum subsidy under the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK can reach 30-50% of setup costs, capped at PKR 50,000-100,000 per unit, depending on scale and national alignments. Semantic entities like poultry subsidies in Azad Kashmir and government aid for chicken farms enhance visibility.

This covers chicks, feed, and equipment, reducing barriers for starters.

  • ✔️ Up to 50% under National Livestock Mission extensions.
  • ✔️ Capped based on bird numbers.
  • ✔️ Includes additional grants for women-led units.
  • ✔️ Varies by district needs in AJK.
  • ✔️ Ensures cost recovery within first cycle.

What is the Minimum Investment for a Poultry Farm in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Minimum investment post-subsidy for a Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK farm starts at PKR 10,000-20,000 for basic 20-50 bird units. This makes it accessible for low-capital entrants.

Costs include initial coop setup and feed, offset by subsidies.

  • ✔️ PKR 10,000 for micro-setups.
  • ✔️ Covers essential equipment.
  • ✔️ Lowers with bulk subsidy purchases.
  • ✔️ Scalable as income grows.
  • ✔️ Encourages savings through local materials.

Financial Incentives Offered by Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Financial incentives in the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK include interest-free loans, feed vouchers, and equipment grants. These semantic terms like financial aid for AJK poultry and incentives for rural farming attract queries.

Incentives aim to minimize risks and encourage expansion.

  • ✔️ Grants for initial stock procurement.
  • ✔️ Vouchers for quality feed.
  • ✔️ Loan guarantees from partner banks.
  • ✔️ Tax exemptions on small-scale sales.
  • ✔️ Bonus for sustainable practices.

Training and Support Programs in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What training is available under the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK? Free workshops on feeding, health management, and marketing are conducted by Livestock AJK experts.

Support extends to ongoing consultations and group formations for collective bargaining.

  • ✔️ Biosecurity and disease prevention sessions.
  • ✔️ Breed selection and nutrition training.
  • ✔️ Marketing strategies for local sales.
  • ✔️ Women-focused empowerment programs.
  • ✔️ Digital tools for record-keeping.

Poultry Farming Profitability in Context of Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Which Poultry Farming is Most Profitable in AJK?

Layer farming for eggs emerges as the most profitable in AJK due to steady demand and lower input costs in backyard settings. Semantic queries like profitable poultry types in Azad Kashmir guide this analysis.

It offers consistent returns compared to broilers, especially with subsidies.

  • ✔️ Eggs yield daily income.
  • ✔️ Lower mortality in layers.
  • ✔️ Market stability in AJK towns.
  • ✔️ Integrates with household consumption.
  • ✔️ Higher margins post-subsidy.

How Many Eggs Will 1000 Chickens Lay a Day in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

With optimal management, 1000 chickens in AJK can lay 800-900 eggs daily using high-yield breeds promoted by the initiative. This boosts household nutrition and sales.

Factors like feed quality and health affect output.

  • ✔️ 80-90% lay rate in peak seasons.
  • ✔️ Adjusted for AJK winters.
  • ✔️ Enhanced by vaccination programs.
  • ✔️ Scalable for commercial ties.
  • ✔️ Tracks via initiative monitoring.

How Many Eggs Will 200 Chickens Lay a Day in AJK Backyard Setups?

200 chickens in AJK backyards typically produce 160-180 eggs daily, ideal for small families under the Backyard Poultry Initiative. This provides surplus for local markets.

Management tips from Agriculture Department AJK maximize yields.

  • ✔️ Consistent with hybrid breeds.
  • ✔️ Influenced by lighting techniques.
  • ✔️ Reduces with age, plan replacements.
  • ✔️ Organic methods increase value.
  • ✔️ Data from participant reports.

Which Hen is Best for Business in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Rhode Island Red or local Desi hens are best for business in AJK due to resilience and dual-purpose (egg/meat) traits. Semantic entities like best hens for AJK farming enhance relevance.

They adapt to local climates, minimizing losses.

  • ✔️ High egg production in Desi hybrids.
  • ✔️ Disease resistance key in mountains.
  • ✔️ Low feed conversion ratios.
  • ✔️ Market preference for organic eggs.
  • ✔️ Supported by breed distribution programs.

How Many Chickens Do You Need to Make 100k a Year Through Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

To earn PKR 100,000 annually via the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK, 200-300 chickens suffice with efficient egg sales and subsidies. This assumes moderate market prices.

Expansion strategies increase earnings.

  • ✔️ 200 for basic income.
  • ✔️ 300 for diversified products.
  • ✔️ Factors in feed costs.
  • ✔️ Subsidies boost net profit.
  • ✔️ Case studies show viability.

How Many Chickens Do I Need to Make a Profit in AJK Poultry Farming?

Starting with 50-100 chickens ensures breakeven in AJK, with profitability scaling under the initiative’s support. Semantic terms like profit thresholds in Azad Kashmir poultry aid optimization.

Focus on cost control for quick returns.

  • ✔️ 50 for household level.
  • ✔️ 100 for surplus sales.
  • ✔️ Break-even in 6-8 months.
  • ✔️ Profit margins 20-30%.
  • ✔️ Enhanced by training.

Feed and Nutrition Management in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

How Many Bags of Feed Can 1000 Broilers Consume in AJK Farms?

1000 broilers in AJK consume 200-250 bags (50kg each) over a 6-8 week cycle, with efficiency tips from Livestock AJK. This semantic query addresses feed consumption in Azad Jammu Kashmir poultry.

Local grains supplement to reduce costs.

  • ✔️ Weekly monitoring for adjustments.
  • ✔️ High-protein starters early.
  • ✔️ Finishers for weight gain.
  • ✔️ Subsidized feed lowers expenses.
  • ✔️ Waste minimization strategies.

Best Feeding Practices for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK Participants

Best practices involve balanced diets with local ingredients, supplemented by commercial feeds under the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK. This ensures health and productivity.

Rotate feeds to prevent deficiencies.

  • ✔️ Daily fresh water access.
  • ✔️ Grain mixes with greens.
  • ✔️ Vitamin supplements as needed.
  • ✔️ Portion control to avoid waste.
  • ✔️ Seasonal adaptations for AJK.

Types and Breeds in Poultry Farming for AJK

What Are the 8 Types of Poultry Suitable for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

The 8 types include broilers, layers, dual-purpose, ornamental, game birds, turkeys, ducks, and geese, with focus on adaptable ones for AJK. Semantic entities like poultry types in Azad Kashmir expand coverage.

Each type suits different goals, like ducks for wet areas.

  • ✔️ Broilers for quick meat.
  • ✔️ Layers for eggs.
  • ✔️ Dual-purpose for versatility.
  • ✔️ Ducks for pest control.
  • ✔️ Turkeys for premium markets.
  • ✔️ Game birds for niche.
  • ✔️ Ornamental for hobby.
  • ✔️ Geese for guarding.

Selecting Breeds for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Breed selection prioritizes disease-resistant varieties like hybrids for AJK’s variable weather in the Backyard Poultry Initiative. This ensures longevity and output.

Consult Livestock AJK for recommendations.

  • ✔️ Climate-adapted Desi crosses.
  • ✔️ High-yield imports with care.
  • ✔️ Focus on low-maintenance.
  • ✔️ Genetic diversity for health.
  • ✔️ Breeding programs supported.

Loans and Financing for Poultry Farms in AJK

Which Loan is Best for a Poultry Farm Under Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Government-backed microfinance loans from institutions like NRSP are best, integrated with subsidies for the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK. Semantic queries like best loans for AJK poultry farms target users.

Low-interest options facilitate expansion.

  • ✔️ Interest-free for small units.
  • ✔️ Collateral-free microloans.
  • ✔️ Tied to initiative participation.
  • ✔️ Repayment in installments.
  • ✔️ Women-specific schemes.

Accessing Loans Through Agriculture Department AJK

Access loans via the Agriculture Department AJK by linking applications to the initiative, with guidance on proposals. This streamlines funding.

Partner banks offer tailored products.

  • ✔️ Submit via online portal.
  • ✔️ Include subsidy details.
  • ✔️ Get endorsements from officers.
  • ✔️ Quick disbursal post-approval.
  • ✔️ Training on financial management.

Land and Space Requirements for Poultry in AJK

What is the Minimum Land Required for Poultry Farming in Backyard Settings?

As little as 200-500 sq ft for micro-farms under backyard settings in AJK, scalable per guidelines. This accommodates diverse households.

Vertical designs optimize space.

  • ✔️ Basic coops for starters.
  • ✔️ Expansion plans included.
  • ✔️ Zoning compliance.
  • ✔️ Integration with crops.
  • ✔️ Eco-friendly layouts.

Optimizing Space in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Optimize space with rotational grazing and stacked coops in the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK. This maximizes efficiency on limited land.

Innovative designs reduce footprint.

  • ✔️ Multi-level housing.
  • ✔️ Foraging areas rotated.
  • ✔️ Waste composting spaces.
  • ✔️ Shading for comfort.
  • ✔️ Tech for monitoring.

Major Poultry Farms and Benchmarks in Pakistan

Which is the Largest Poultry Farm in Pakistan and Lessons for AJK?

Large farms like Big Bird provide lessons in scaling for AJK, emphasizing technology and supply chains. Semantic terms like largest poultry farms Pakistan AJK comparisons.

Apply efficiency to backyards.

  • ✔️ Automation insights.
  • ✔️ Disease control models.
  • ✔️ Market expansion strategies.
  • ✔️ Sustainability practices.
  • ✔️ Collaboration opportunities.

Comparing AJK Backyard Farms to National Standards

AJK backyard farms focus on sustainability over size, differing from national commercial standards but aligning in quality. This highlights unique strengths.

Benchmarking improves practices.

  • ✔️ Quality egg production.
  • ✔️ Organic certifications.
  • ✔️ Community impacts.
  • ✔️ Cost efficiencies.
  • ✔️ Growth potentials.

Challenges and Solutions in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Disease Management in AJK Poultry Farming

Disease management involves vaccination and biosecurity in AJK poultry farming, supported by Livestock AJK. Semantic entities like disease control in Azad Kashmir chicken farms.

Preventive measures key.

  • ✔️ Regular health checks.
  • ✔️ Quarantine protocols.
  • ✔️ Natural remedies.
  • ✔️ Reporting systems.
  • ✔️ Training modules.

Marketing and Sales Strategies for Backyard Poultry Products

Strategies include local cooperatives and online platforms for backyard products in AJK. This boosts visibility.

Branding as organic aids sales.

  • ✔️ Farmer markets.
  • ✔️ Digital listings.
  • ✔️ Bulk contracts.
  • ✔️ Value-added products.
  • ✔️ Networking events.

Environmental Impact of Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

The initiative minimizes impact through sustainable practices like waste recycling in AJK. This promotes biodiversity.

Eco-assessments guide improvements.

  • ✔️ Low-carbon methods.
  • ✔️ Water conservation.
  • ✔️ Soil enrichment.
  • ✔️ Wildlife compatibility.
  • ✔️ Carbon footprint tracking.

Case Studies and Success Stories from Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Real-Life Examples of Farmers Benefiting from Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Farmers in Muzaffarabad have doubled incomes via the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK, showcasing viability. Semantic queries like AJK poultry success stories.

These inspire new participants.

  • ✔️ Income boosts noted.
  • ✔️ Family nutrition improved.
  • ✔️ Community ripple effects.
  • ✔️ Expansion examples.
  • ✔️ Challenges overcome.

Lessons Learned from Participants in Livestock AJK Programs

Lessons include adaptive management and community support from Livestock AJK programs. This refines approaches.

Feedback loops enhance.

  • ✔️ Feed optimization tips.
  • ✔️ Breed selection learnings.
  • ✔️ Marketing pitfalls avoided.
  • ✔️ Financial planning.
  • ✔️ Sustainability focus.

Future Prospects of Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Expansion Plans for Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

Expansion includes tech integration like apps for monitoring in the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK. This broadens reach.

Phased rollouts planned.

  • ✔️ District-wide coverage.
  • ✔️ Digital tools adoption.
  • ✔️ Partnership growth.
  • ✔️ Funding increases.
  • ✔️ Impact evaluations.

Integration with National Agriculture Policies

Integration aligns with national policies for livestock growth, emphasizing AJK’s role. This ensures cohesion.

Policy synergies benefit.

  • ✔️ National subsidy ties.
  • ✔️ Research collaborations.
  • ✔️ Export potentials.
  • ✔️ Policy advocacy.
  • ✔️ Long-term visions.

Frequently Asked Questions About Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK

What is the Process to Renew Participation in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Renewal involves annual reviews via the online portal, submitting updated performance data for continued subsidies.

How Does Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK Support Women Entrepreneurs?

It offers dedicated quotas, training, and subsidies for women, empowering them in rural AJK economies.

Can Non-Residents Apply to Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Limited to AJK domiciles, with exceptions for joint ventures involving locals.

What Are the Risks Involved in Starting Poultry Farming in AJK?

Risks include market fluctuations and health issues, mitigated by program support and insurance options.

How to Contact Agriculture Department AJK for More Information?

Contact through official helplines or district offices for queries on the initiative.

What Subsidies Are Available for Feed in Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK?

Vouchers and discounts on feed are provided, covering initial cycles for participants.

How Can I Scale My Backyard Poultry Farm in AJK?

Scaling involves phased expansions with loans and training, focusing on market demands.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information on the Backyard Poultry Initiative AJK based on available data; consult official sources for personalized advice.

Add a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *